Prof. Max Mazzone - Metabolic and epigenetic control of cancer immunity

Prof. Max Mazzone - Metabolic and epigenetic control of cancer immunity

Max Mazzone
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Lab of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, VIB - KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Belgium

Metabolic and epigenetic control of cancer immunity

Anti-cancer immunotherapy has provided patients with a promising treatment. Yet, it has also unveiled that the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) hampers the efficiency of this therapeutic option and limits its success. The concept that metabolism is able to shape the immune response has gained general acceptance. Nonetheless, little is known on how the metabolic crosstalk between different tumor compartments contributes to the harsh TME and ultimately impairs T cell fitness within the tumor. This lecture will decipher some of the metabolic changes in the TME impeding proper anti-tumor immunity. Starting from the meta-analysis of public human datasets, corroborated by metabolomics and transcriptomics data from several mouse tumors, we ranked clinically relevant and altered metabolic pathways that correlate with resistance to immunotherapy. Using a CRISPR/Cas9 platform for their functional in vivo selection, we have identified cancer cell intrinsic metabolic mediators and, indirectly, distinguished those belonging specifically to the stroma. By means of genetic tools and small molecules, we have targeted promising metabolic pathways in cancer cells and stromal cells (particularly in tumor-associated macrophages) to harness tumor immunosuppression. Finally, we went back to patient samples to assess the relevance of these metabolic networks in humans. By analyzing the metabolic crosstalk within the TME, this lecture would like to shed some light on how metabolism contributes to the immunosuppressive TME and T cell maladaptation.

Selected references

* Trotta R, Rivis S, Zhao S, Orban M-P, Trusso Cafarello S, Charatsidou I, Pozniak J, Dehairs J, Vanheer L, Pulido Vicuna CA, Boecxstaens V, Bechter O, Bosision FM, Swinnen JV, Marine J-C, Mazzone M#. Activated T cells break tumor immunosuppression by macrophage re-education. Cancer Discov (2025).
* Pretto S, Yu Q, Bourdely P,Trusso Cafarello S, Van Acker H, Verelst J, Richiardone E, Vanheer L, Roshanzadeh A, Schneppenheim F, Cresens C, Sassano ML, Dehairs J, Carion M, Ismail S, Agostinis P, Rocha S, Bald T, Swinnen J, Corbet C, Lunt SY, Thienpont B, Di Matteo M, Mazzone M#. A functional single cell metabolic survey identifies Elovl1 as a target to enhance CD8+ T cell fitness in solid tumors. Nat Metab (2025).
* Scolaro T , Manco M, Pecqueux M, Amorim R, Trotta R, Van Acker H, Van Haele M, Shirgaonkar N, Wang L, Naulaerts S, Daniluk J, Prenen F, Varamo C, Ponti D, Doglioni G, Ferreira Campos AM, Fernandez Garcia J, Radenkovic S, Rouhi P, Beatovic S, Tzoumpa A, Antoranz A, Sargsian A, Di Matteo M, Berardi E, Goveia J, Ghesquière B, Roskams T, Carmeliet P, Soenen S, Voets T, Manshian B, Fendt SM, Garg AD, DasGupta R, Wang Y, Topal B, Mazzone M#. Nucleotide metabolism in cancer cells fuels a UDP-driven macrophage crosstalk promoting immunosuppression and immunotherapy resistance. Nat Cancer, doi: 10.1038/s43018-024-00771-8 (2023).
* Pinioti S, Sharma H, Flerin NC, Yu Q, Tzoumpa A, Truso Cafarello S, De Bousser E, Callewaert N, Oldenhove G, Schlenner S, Thienpont B, Garg AD, Di Matteo M, Mazzone M#. A metabolic gene survey pinpoints fucosylation as a key pathway underlying the suppressive function of regulatory T-cells in cancer. Cancer Immunol Res, 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-22-0606 (2023).